How To Cite An Interview
Published on March 31, 2021 by Jack Caulfield. Revised on May 20, 2021.
To cite a published interview from a newspaper, you need an in-text citation and a corresponding reference listing the interviewers name, the publication date, the interview title, the name of the newspaper, and a URL if the article was consulted online.
The exact format varies across the different citation styles: APA, MLA, and Chicago style.
When referring to an interview you conducted yourself as part of your research, you generally dont need to include a formal citation.
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What Is An Mla Citation
The MLA citation format is the citation and documentation format for the Modern Language Association of America . The MLA format is the preferred citation system in scholarly works for papers, courses, and literary humanities, such as English. Because of the digitalization of texts, the same text can appear in various sources. It’s essential to follow guidelines to ensure you give credit to the creator of these texts.
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How To Cite An Interview: Definition
When learning how to cite an interview, there are a few basic rules that need to be followed for both APA and MLA styles. However, the basic rule is that you should list first the name of the interviewee. This is then followed by the interviewers name, if provided, and place and date that the communication or interview occurred. Here is how to cite an interview in both formatting styles.
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How Do You In Text Cite A Personal Interview
Citeinterviewtextinterviewtext citation
Similarly, how do you do in text citations APA?
APAtext citation
How do you cite a personal interview in MLA?
MLAinterviewCitedinterviewPersonal interviewinterview
What is the difference between a reference list and a bibliography?
bibliographyin ain theInreferenceinin the referencein the referencein
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Citing A Interview In Mla
Creating accurate citations in MLA has never been easier! Automatically cite a interview in MLA by using Citation Machines free citation generator.
Currency UpgradeSign upSign inCite an Interview in MLAConsider your sources credibility. Ask these questions:Contributor/AuthorHas the author written several articles on the topic, and do they have the credentials to be an expert in their field? Can you contact them? Do they have social media profiles? Have other credible individuals referenced this source or author? Book: What have reviews said about it? PublisherWhat do you know about the publisher/sponsor? Are they well-respected? Do they take responsibility for the content? Are they selective about what they publish? Take a look at their other content. Do these other articles generally appear credible? BiasDoes the author or the organization have a bias? Does bias make sense in relation to your argument? Is the purpose of the content to inform, entertain, or to spread an agenda? Is there commercial intent? Are there ads? CurrencyWhen was the source published or updated? Is there a date shown? Does the publication date make sense in relation to the information presented to your argument?
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Interview Published As An Online Article
In-text citation, parenthetical example:In-text citation, narrative example:Reference list entry example:
MacInnes, P. . Ellie Simmonds: Ive found the expectations harder as Ive got older. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2021/aug/24/ellie-simmonds-expectations-tokyo-paralympics-interview
How To Use Mla/apa For An Interview
Most citations for print and electronic media follow familiar formats. Often, limited differences exist between the Modern Language Association and American Psychological Association styles guides. However, when you need to cite personal interviews, those familiar rules no longer apply, and each style guide instructs writers to follow its distinct guidelines. You do not even have to list interviews in APA reference lists you must merely note them in the primary text. Conversely, MLA style requires both in-text and a âWorks Citedâ page citations for an interview. While the rules for citing interviews may seem atypical, they only require you to complete a few steps.
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Primary Source Interview Criteria
As you know, a primary source is one that contains original material, not an evaluation of a source. In the case of interviews, if you find a published interview in a magazine, check these criteria to determine if its a primary or secondary source.
Cloyd, Allison. Personal interview. 24 July 2014.
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How To Cite A Print Interview In Mla
Did you find an amazing interview in Time magazine? If you need to know how to quote an interview in MLA in print, then remember that it is all about the publication format. For example, format an interview published in a magazine the same way as any other magazine article. But, instead of the author, youll place the interviewees name at the beginning. This will look like:
Example Print MLA Interview
Last Name of Person Interviewed, First Name. Title of the Interview. Interview conducted by Interviewer First Last Name. Publication Title. Year of interview, page numbers.
Middleton, Kate. Princess Kate Gets Candid! Interview conducted by Simon Perry. People. 2020, pp. 43-47.
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To Write An Email Citation:
The mla citation for a personal interview should follow this format: There are slight differences between the proper format of mla citations for interviews published in print, online, and broadcast via radio, television, or film. Mention the name of the person who sent it or the interviewee in the text.
How Do You Cite A Youtube Interview In Mla
Then, following the MLA guidelines for citing an online video, list YouTube in the Title of the Container element, the name of the uploader in the Contributor element, the date of upload in the Publication Date element, and the URL in the Location element: West, Kanye. Jimmy Kimmels Full Interview with Kanye West.
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Where Do You Cite In A Sentence
The APA Style rules encourage authors to place a citation after each instance of paraphrased or quoted information, versus the citation always appearing at the end of a sentence: If the quotation appears in mid-sentence, end the passage with quotation marks, cite the source in parentheses immediately after the
Owl Purdue Mla How To Cite An Interview In Text? List the interview by the name of the interviewee. If the interview has a title, place it in quotation marks. Cite the remainder of the entry as you would other exclusive web content. Place the name of the website in italics, give the publisher name , the publication date, and the URL.
How do you in-text cite an interview MLA? When citing an interview in MLA style, the name of the person being interviewed appears as the author in the in-text citation. In the Works Cited entry, the interviewees name is followed by the title of the interview in quotation marks.
Can you cite an interview in MLA? The MLA citation for a personal interview should follow this format: Last name of person interviewed, First name. Date of interview.
How do you cite a discussion in-text MLA? How to Cite a Discussion Board MLA? To cite a discussion board in MLA, follow the MLA template. List the title of the comment along with the thread title. After that, list the name of the forum, the date of the comment, and the URL of the website.
How To Cite An Interview In Apa
In APA citation, the interviews that you perform yourself have a different format as compared to published interviews. When citing the latter, the standard format of the source that it was published is to be followed. On the other hand, your own interview that is not accessible to the reader should not be added in the reference list. It is instead cited in the text as a personal communication.
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How Do I Cite A Personal Interview That Occurred On More Than One Day
Note: This post relates to content in the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook. For up-to-date guidance, see the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook.
To cite a personal interview that occurred on more than one day, begin by following the MLA format template. In general, treat the person being interviewed as the author. Then follow the guidelines on pages 2829 of the MLA Handbook and include the description interview as the Title of source element. You may list the interviewers name as an Other contributor after the description. In the Publication date slot, treat the dates of the interview as a range if they are consecutive:
Cohen, Allan. Interview. Conducted by Christine Stevens, 24-25 May 2016.
If the dates are not consecutive, treat them as a series:
Doe, Jane. Interview. Conducted by John Smith, 3 and 6 Aug. 2017.
Doe, John. Interview. Conducted by Jorge Menocal, 2, 3, and 7 Sept. 2016.
Solution #: Referencing Interviews With Missing Information
Interview missing an author
If the source is missing an author, skip this information and write the title in quotation marks with a period. Follow this information with the name of the journal or periodical in italics and a period. List the date of the publication followed by a comma and the page span of the material.
Works cited entry example:
The Daily Life of Crystal. The Hypothetical InterviewersColumn, May 2020, pp. 19-20.
Interview without a title
When an interview is missing a title, rename it with a brief description of the interview.
Works cited entry example:
Johnson, Crystal. Crystal Discusses her Routine. Interview by Elizabeth Miller. The Hypothetical InterviewersColumn, May 2020, pp. 19-20.
Interview without a date
If an interview found online is missing a date, skip this information and continue writing the URL and access date.
Works cited entry example:
Johnson, Crystal. The Daily Life of Crystal. Interview by Elizabeth Miller. The Hypothetical InterviewersColumn, http://hypothetical_interviewers_com_CJohnson. Accessed 2 May 2020.
Interview without pages
If a reference is missing pages, simply do not list them. Instead, follow the date with a period.
Works cited entry example:
Johnson, Crystal. The Daily Life of Crystal. Interview by Elizabeth Miller. The Hypothetical Interviewers Column, May 2020.
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Citing Personal Interviews Vs Published Interviews
Personal or unpublished interviews are those that you conduct yourself with the interviewee. Personal interviews have not been published anywhere, making them very simple to cite across all style guides. However, a published interview requires a more complicated web of information.
As youll see, each citation style has different rules for different types of interviews. In general, however, just remember that a citation to a published interview must also include a citation to the publication.
When Is Personal Communication Used In Citation
The category “Personal Communications” is used in situations where you are taking information from a source such as an email thread or an interview you conducted with someone else. In this case the work isn’t published anywhere someone else couldn’t find and read the full interview or email on their own.
Sometimes you may find interviews with people in journals, magazines, newspapers, websites, etc. In those cases don’t use the “Personal Communications” category. Instead, cite them according to where you found the information.
For example, an interview in a magazine would be cited like a magazine article. That way anyone reading your assignment could easily track down the interview for themselves by finding the same magazine article.
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Mla Works Cited: Other Common Sources
Summary:
MLA style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook , offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.
Several sources have multiple means for citation, especially those that appear in varied formats: films, DVDs, television shows, music, published and unpublished interviews, interviews over e-mail, published and unpublished conference proceedings. The following section discusses these sorts of citations as well as others not covered in the print, periodical, and electronic sources sections.
Use the following format for all sources:
An Interview
Interviews typically fall into two categories: print or broadcast published and unpublished interviews, although interviews may also appear in other, similar formats such as in e-mail format or as a Web document.
Personal Interviews
Personal interviews refer to those interviews that you conduct yourself. List the interview by the name of the interviewee. Include the descriptor Personal interview and the date of the interview.
Smith, Jane. Personal interview. 19 May 2014.
Note: If the interview from which you quote does not feature a title, add the descriptor, Interview by after the interviewees name and before the interviewers name.
Gaitskill, Mary. Interview with Charles Bock. Mississippi Review, vol. 27, no. 3, 1999, pp. 129-50.
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Citing A Personal Interview In Mla
To cite an interview that you conducted yourself, start the Works Cited entry with the name of the interviewee. Then simply describe it with the word Interview, followed by your own name and the date on which the interview took place.
In the parenthetical citation, you only need to include the interviewees last name.
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Interviews typically fall into two categories: print or broadcast published and unpublished interviews, although interviews may also appear in other, similar formats such as in email format or as a Web document.
Personal Interviews
Personal interviews refer to those interviews that you conduct yourself. List the interview by the name of the interviewee. Include the descriptor Personal interview and the date of the interview.
Purdue, Pete. Personal interview. 1 Dec. 2000.
List the interview by the name of the interviewee. If the name of the interview is part of a larger work like a book, a television program, or a film series, place the title of the interview in quotation marks. Place the title of the larger work in italics. If the interview appears as an independent title, italicize it. Determine the medium of publication and fill in the rest of the entry with the information required by that medium. For books, include the author or editor name after the book title.
Note: If the interview from which you quote does not feature a title, add the descriptor Interview after the interviewees name. You may also use the descriptor Interview by to add the name of the interview to the entry if it is relevant to your paper.
Gaitskill, Mary. Interview with Charles Bock. Mississippi Review 27.3 : 129-50. Print.
Amis, Kingsley. Mimic and Moralist.Interviews with Britains Angry Young Men. By Dale Salwak. San Bernardino, CA: Borgo, 1984. Print.
Online-only Published Interviews
Interviews And Personal Communication
Summary:
This section contains information on The Chicago Manual of Style method of document formatting and citation. These resources follow the seventeenth edition of The Chicago Manual of Style, which was issued in 2017.
In citations for interviews and personal communications, the name of the person interviewed or the person from whom the communication is received should be listed first. This is followed by the name of the interviewer or recipient, if given, and supplemented by details regarding the place and date of the interview/communication. Unpublished interviews and personal communications are best cited in-text or in notes rather than in the bibliography. Published interviews should be cited like periodical articles or book chapters.
Interviews with anonymous sources can be cited without including the name of the sourcee.g. anonymous informant #3 or recreational psilocybin userbut you must explain in the text why you are not giving the name of your source.
Unpublished Interviews
Note: If the interview is unpublished, but there is a transcript or recording available, you should include information as to where said transcript/recording can be found. This can be as simple as a URL, or as complex as a location in an institutional archive the latter is shown in the example below.
Title of Broadcasting ProgramTitle of Broadcasting Program
This is shown in the second example.
ycamore Review,Acoustic Café
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Mla Unpublished Student Paper
- Can be used to refer to your own previous writing.
- If quoting from another student’s unpublished paper, first get their permission.
Unpublished student paper
Last name, First name of author. “Title of Paper.” Date of paper. Course for which paper was written, the college name, student paper.
Jackson, Amari. “The Meaning of Life.” 21 Oct. 2019. Introduction to Philosophy, Kirkwood Community College, student paper.
How Do I Cite An Interview Published In A Collection Of Interviews If The Interview Was Conducted By The Books Author
Note: This post relates to content in the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook. For up-to-date guidance, see the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook.
Follow the MLA format template. List the interviewee as the author, followed by the title of the chapter in which the interview appears. List the title of the book as the title of the container and the author of the book as an other contributor. Then list the publication details and the page range for the chapter:
Bechdel, Alison. Alison Bechdel . Outside the Box: Interviews with Contemporary Cartoonists, by Hillary L. Chute, U of Chicago P, 2014, pp. 15576.
Note that this example is an exception to our guidelines for citing a chapter in a book by one author. You would normally create an entry only for the book, not for an individual chapter. But since, by convention, the interviewee is considered the author of an interview, the chapter containing the interview is cited separately. If, however, you cite several interviews in the book and your discussion focuses on the work of the interviewer, then you might create an entry for the book as a whole and key your in-text citations for the interviews to it.
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