Manual Software Testing Interview Questions

What Are Some Best Practices That You Should Follow When Writing Test Cases

• The following are some guidelines to follow when writing test cases:

• Prioritize which test cases to build based on your applications risk considerations and project timeframes.
• Keep the 80/20 rule in mind. To get the best coverage, you should have 20% of your tests cover 80% of your application.

Instead of trying to test all of your instances at once, improvise as you go.

• Make a list of all of your test cases and categorise them according to business scenarios and functionality.
• Ascertain that test cases are modular and that test case steps are as detailed as possible.
• Write test cases in a way that others can easily understand and alter them if necessary.
• Always keep end-user requirements in mind because, at the end of the day, the product is developed for the client.
• To maintain a solid release cycle, actively use a test management solution.
• Keep an eye on your test cases on a frequent basis. Remove irrelevant and duplicate test cases and write unique test cases.

What Is The Difference Between Validation And Verification

Verification takes place during the development phase to ascertain if all the specified requirements of the phase are being met. Validation takes place when the development is complete and is used to understand if the entire product meets the requirements.

It is crucial for the interviewee to understand this very important distinction. Look for in-depth technical knowledge about both processes.

Top Manual Qa Testing Interview Questions And Answers Of 2022interview Questions For Beginners

1. What is software testing?

Software testing is a process that ensures the developed software meets all specified requirements. Testing evaluates a system in terms of its usability, accuracy, completeness, efficiency, and so on.

2. Can you define the key terminology used in the testing process?

• Test case execution signifies the successful conclusion of a full test cycle following the final bug fix.
• A test deadline is the end date for the validation stage and declares validation complete if no critical or high-priority defects remain.
• The code coverage ratio is the percentage of code covered by automated tests. The team may end validation upon reaching the desired code coverage ratio.

3. What are the different test levels?

The four test levels are as follows:

• Unit/component/program/module testing examines each unit or component of a software application.
• Integration testing validates the data flow from one module or component to another.
• System testing checks functional and non-functional software requirements and tests the application as a whole system.
• Acceptance testing condenses all previous testing processes to determine if a specification or requirement has been met.

4. What is a test plan, and what does it include?

A test plan documents all potential testing activities to ensure the quality of a product. It compiles information from the product description, requirements, and use case documents such as:

• Testing objectives

• Test cycle closure

• Statement coverage

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What Is The Difference Between Positive And Negative Testing

What Is Black Box Testing And What Are The Various Techniques

Black-Box Testing, also known as specification-based testing, examines a software/functionality applications without knowing anything about the items internal structure or design. The goal of this testing is to ensure that the system as a whole function properly and meets user expectations. The following are some examples of black-box testing techniques:

• Analysis of Boundary Values
• Error Detection Method

It is a type of black-box testing that is frequently utilised and also serves as the foundation for equivalency testing. Boundary value analysis puts software to the test by using extreme test data values in test cases. BVA is used to discover defects or errors caused by data restrictions in the input.

Boundary value analysis puts software to the test by using extreme test data values in test cases. BVA is used to discover defects or errors caused by data restrictions in the input.

This test case design technique splits the input into comparable classes and checks the input and output. It must be tested at least once to ensure that the data is adequately tested. It is the most thorough type of testing, and it also decreases input redundancy.

In the example above, taking inputs for a test case data will have three classes, one of which will be tested.

Case 2: If the customer has a coupon, no credit card or cash will be checked, and action will be taken.

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Software Testing And Manual Interview Questions And Answers Part 2

1) What is a Regression Testing?

Regression testing is a type of testing performed on the previous working functionality, to find out any issues that may have got introduced by newly adding or updating the application code base.

Read more about Regression Testing here.

2) When do we go for Automation Testing?

When the given application is functionally Stable and has ample time for the resources for creating the automated testing, then only we can opt for Automation Testing.

And also, one more major thing to consider for Automation Testing is ROI . i.e. Whether the time spent by the resources in creating the automation scripts, can reduce their Test Execution time in future.

3) Why Automation Testing if the application is functionally Stable?

4) What are the Different models you are aware of in SDLC?

The below are the different SDLC models:

• Waterfall model

5) What is the Difference between Black-box and White-box testing?

Black-box testing is a type of testing in which internal architecture of the code is not required for testing. It is usually applicable for system and acceptance testing.

Read more about Black Box Testing here.

Read more about White-box Testing here.

6) What are Different Types of Software Testing?

7) What is Re-Testing?

Q27 What Is Test Closure

Test Closure is a document which gives a summary of all the tests conducted during the software development life cycle and also gives a detailed analysis of the bugs removed and errors found. This memo contains the aggregate no. of experiments, total no. of experiments executed, total no. of imperfections discovered, add total no. of imperfections settled, total no. of bugs not settled, total no of bugs rejected and so forth.

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Q41 How You Test A Product If The Requirements Are Yet To Freeze

Its possible that a requirement stack is not available for a piece of product. It might take serious effort to determine if an application has significant unexpected functionality, and it would indicate deeper problems in the software development process.If the functionality isnt necessary to the purpose of the application, it should be removed. Else, create a test plan based on the assumptions made about the product. But make sure you get all assumptions well documented in the test plan.

When Can You Say For Sure That The Code Has Met Its Specifications

Most businesses have coding “standards” that all developers are expected to follow, but everyone has their own opinion on what is best, as well as how many regulations are too many or too few. There are many methods available, such as a traceability matrix, to guarantee that requirements are linked to test cases. And when all of the test cases pass, that means the code satisfies the requirement.

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Explain In A Testing Project What Testing Activities Would You Automate

In testing project testing activities, you would automate are

• Tests that need to be run for every build of the application
• Tests that use multiple data for the same set of actions
• Identical tests that need to be executed using different browsers
• Mission critical pages
• A transaction with pages that do not change in a short time

What Is The Importance Of Agile Testing

The agile testing process involves software testing that adheres to agile software development principles. The software is evaluated from the customer’s perspective. This software development practice involves frequent, automated testing of new code and the immediate fixing of defects as soon as they are discovered. Each feature is tested as it is developed. Among its advantages are:

• All testers and developers can work together, boosting performance.
• Each feature is tested as it is developed.
• Ensures a high-quality product that meets customer expectations.
• Reduces costs and saves time.
• Highly adaptable and flexible.
• Assists developers with releasing software as soon as possible and improves product quality.

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Which Types Are Testing Are Important For Web Testing

There are two types of testing which are very important for web testing:

• Performance testing: Performance testing is a testing technique in which quality attributes of a system are measured such as responsiveness, speed under different load conditions and scalability. The performance testing describes which attributes need to be improved before the product is released in the market.
• Security testing: Security testing is a testing technique which determines that the data and resources be saved from the intruders.

What Is Software Testing

Software Testing is a process used to verifying the correctness, identifying errors, completeness, missing requirements versus the actual requirements and quality of developed software. For that, it contains a series of activities that are conducted with an intention of finding errors in software and make them corrected before the product is released to the market. It basically checks all the requirements are working fine and available in it.

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What Do You Mean By Latent Defect And Masked Defect

• Latent Defect: Latent defects are defects that exist but have not yet been invoked because the conditions required to invoke them have not been met. As a systematic flaw, it encompasses the entire production process of the software, including all pre-production testing and extended testing. When users perform a particular task in an unusual or rare situation or without the presence of usual scenarios, latent defects are revealed.
• Masked Defect: These are the defects that have not yet resulted in a failure since another defect hides that portion of the code from being executed. It can only be discovered when the defect hiding it is exposed by the user through a specific operation. There are defects that are hidden or marked by another defect and remain hidden until the other defect is detected.

C Qa Testing Interview Questions And Answers For Experienced

71). Why have you chosen QA for your career?

Ans:- I wanted to connect my career with development, so I decided to start with QA first. It can be a platform to become a successful developer with the right skills and knowledge.

72). Why do you like the QA job?

Ans:- It makes you a highly knowledgeable resource with depth knowledge of the product and helps in identifying and resolving the most potential errors to achieve maximum client satisfaction.

73). According to your resume, you have worked for multiple industries in a short time span. Can you explain why?

Ans:- Well, I am not concerned about workplaces because I worked on projects. In my previous work, I was a consultant and more focused on project work.

74). What have you done in your last project?

Ans:- Answers for this question vary from person to person. You just have to brief your experience for the last project and how you become successful in fixing malfunctioning issues.

75). Do You love to work in a group or alone?

Ans:- Mostly, I like to work in a team where each member supports others, and there are always more options to learn something new.

76). How are you dealing with your team members?

Ans:- Everyone has different hobbies, lifestyles, and their area of expertise is also different. Based on my experience, I believe in establishing a nice relationship with team members during short tea breaks.

77). How was your experience with Managers in your previous Companies?

80). What are your career goals?

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What Is Black Box Testing What Are The Different Black Box Testing Techniques

Black box testing is the software testing method which is used to test the software without knowing the internal structure of code or program. This testing is usually done to check the functionality of an application. The different black box testing techniques are

In White Box Testing What Do You Verify

In white box testing following steps are verified.

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Q28 What Is The Difference Between Positive And Negative Testing

Can You Achieve 100% Testing Coverage

Ans: It is not possible to perform 100% testing of any software or product. However, can do the following steps to come closer:

• Setting a hard limit on:

Percentage of test cases passed

Number of bugs discovered

• Setting a red flag in case:

There is a depletion of test budged

There is a breach of deadlines

• Setting a green flag in case:

The entire functionality is covered in test cases

All critical and major bugs must have a CLOSED status

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What Is Unit Testing

Unit testing is the process of testing a single unit of code in an isolated manner. The unit of code can be a method, a class, or a module. Unit testing aims to focus on the smallest building blocks of code to get confidence to combine them later to produce fully functioning software.

A unit test invokes the code and verifies the result with the expected result. If the expected and actual outcomes match, then the unit test passes. Otherwise, it fails.

A good unit test has the following characteristics:

What’s The Difference Between Quality Control Quality Assurance And Testing

An interviewer might ask this question to make sure you understand the differences between the testing and control processes. In your answer, briefly describe each process using simple language. Highlight the primary differences between each one to show your technical knowledge.

Example: Quality control involves looking for defects in a particular software application and providing suggestions to improve its quality. Quality assurance involves planning and defining how an organization can implement its quality control methods. Often, quality control involves the use of tools developed in quality assurance. Testing is the actual method for finding issues, or bugs, with the quality of the application. The testing process ensures the software meets standards and user requirements.

Related: Quality Control vs. Quality Assurance: What’s the Difference?

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What Are The Advantages Of Manual Testing

Advantages of manual testing are:

• This testing is cheaper in cost when compared to automated testing.
• Manual testing is easy to learn and it needs less time.
• The product analysis from the customer end is possible only with manual testing
• GUI testing can be done more precisely with the help of manual testing as visual accessibility and precedences are difficult to automate
• It is highly suitable for small applications, short-term projects where the test scripts are not going to be repeated or reused more times
• It is very suitable when the project is especially at the early stages of its development
• Highly reliable, since it is done manually where automated tests can contain errors and missed bugs.

Crafting Appropriate Software Testing Interview Questions

Software testing is the process of checking the quality and completion of a developed computer software before it reaches the end user. It helps detect errors, gaps, and missing requirements and is executed either manually or with test automation tools, such as Selenium and TestingWhiz.

A good software tester has a strong understanding of software testing technical features. They can analyze complex data with attention to detail and have hands-on experience with automation, defect tracking and test management tools.

As for the non-technical skills, a software tester should be able to deliver their projects on time and communicate testing results efficiently to managers and customers. You can assess the candidates technical and soft skills by following these two steps:

• Ask candidates to complete an exercise that shows their software testing competency and familiarity with testing tools.
• Ask role-specific and operational questions during the interview to assess how qualified they are for the role. Manual testing interview questions bring additional value to the evaluation process.

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